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FAA – Federal Aviation Administration

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The Federal Aviation Administration or FAA is a US Government agency which has the authority over all aspects of aviation and airspace control over the United States of America. The agency in recent years has also taken the helm of regulating the commercial spaceflight sector, from launches to reentry, the FAA has the final say if something can happen.

In 1984, President Ronald Reagan signed into law the Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984 which set up the Office of Commercial Space Transportation within the FAA. This office is in charge of regulating launch license for both commercial rockets and spaceports, handling reentry licenses, and ensuring safety standards are met.

The FAA specifically only oversees the private sector and does not have authority over national defense or civil (NASA) spaceflight operations. So while the FAA would be the ruling authority over missions from Axiom, Virgin Galactic, Blue Origin, or SpaceX flights from private customers, NASA has the authority during NASA related missions like crew rotations and ISS resupply flights.

That being said, NASA, the Department of Defense, the FAA and the National Transportation Safety Board routinely work together in keeping space operations safe. Notably the FAA, NASA, and depending on the severity, the NTSB all oversee mishap investigations of failed rocket launches.

There has been plenty of criticism of the FAA’s regulating of the commercial space sector and companies have pleaded with congress to increase its staffing to better suit the needs of the industry. This can be seen during launch operations where FAA safety inspectors are required to be on site and the office just doesn’t have enough to support multiple launch countdowns at once.

Navigating the future of commercial spaceflight regulation

As the deadline looms for Congress to decide on the future of commercial human spaceflight regulation, most space related insiders agree the industry is at a pivotal crossroad. The current restrictions encapsulating the “learning period” that limits the Federal Aviation Administration’s ability to regulate the safety of spaceflight participants are under scrutiny. These provisions are set to expire March 8 and United States House of Representatives and Senate negotiators are in the throes of finalizing a new long term FAA reauthorization bill. 

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Starship/Super Heavy Final Environmental Assessment to be released by the year-end

As SpaceX and the FAA work towards closing out the Starship/Super Heavy Environmental Assessment, more details have been released. Transcripts from the two virtual public hearings about the PEA were released along with an estimated timeline for the Final Programmatic Environmental Assessment being released. This date is currently December 31, 2021.

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FAA’s Starship public hearings were filled with valid complaints and Elon Musk fandom

This week the FAA hosted two public comment hearings for SpaceX’s Starship facility in Boca Chica, Texas. Both sessions lasted for about five hours, with over 100 commenters speaking with more not making the time cut. The hearings had two overall points made by commenters, “SpaceX is hurting our environment and way of life” and “move out of the way FAA and let Elon do Elon things.”

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Environmentalists upset over FAA environmental assessment process for SpaceX in Boca Chica

For over a year, SpaceX has been developing its next-generation rocket Starship near the small neighborhood of Boca Chica Village in Texas near the Mexican border. It wasn’t until June of last year that the Federal Aviation Administration which licenses airspace started an environmental assessment of the rapid expansion of SpaceX facilities there.

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FAA clarifies supersonic flight rules as Boom XB-1 jet hopes to break Mach 1.3 this year

Supersonic flight is set to make a comeback and go further than ever before in this decade. Today the Federal Aviation Administration published new guidance to support this effort by clarifying existing policy and potentially streamlining the regulatory side of supersonic testing.

The Department of Transportation currently does not authorize supersonic flight by default. This means developing and testing technology like Boom’s XB-1 supersonic jet will require special authorization from the DOT and FAA to fly over Mach 1 speeds.

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Biden picks Pete Buttigieg to run agency that oversees commercial space launches

Former mayor of South Bend, Indiana, and Democratic presidential candidate Pete Buttigieg is President-Elect Joe Biden’s nominee for Secretary of Transportation. If confirmed by the Senate, Buttigieg would oversee the Depart of Transportation which includes the Federal Aviation Administration. The FAA is responsible for licensing commercial space launches.

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